Case Studies
Case Study 1 – The Heparin contamination crisis (2008)
Heparin is a polysaccharide that interacts with antithrombin in blood and is widely used in the clinic as an injectable anticoagulant, isolated from natural sources. READ MORE
Case Study 2 – Erythropoietin (EPO)
EPO is a glycoprotein hormone that stimulates the production of red blood cells and is used as a therapeutic agent for the treatment of anaemia. READ MORE
Case Study 3 – Bringing HMOs to market –2'-Fucosyllactose
2’-Fucosyllactose (2’-FL) is an oligosaccharide (made up of the 3 sugar units fucose, glucose, and, galactose) and is the most abundant HMO in breast milk. It is believed to play a role in preventing infections by blocking pathogens and toxins. It is of interest as an ingredient for infant formula milk. READ MORE
Case Study 4 - Prevnar and the production of carbohydrate based vaccines
Prevnar is a glycoconjugate vaccine against pneumonia used to fight infections caused by pneumococcal bacteria, and achieved annual sales of approximately $6 billion in 2015. Several variants are now available containing multiple serotypes of pneumococcus e.g. Prevnar 13 containing 13 serotypes. READ MORE